What is Panchagavya? Panchagavya is an organic product having the potential to play the role of promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system. Panchagavya consists of nine products viz. cow dung, cow urine, milk, curd, jaggery, ghee, banana, Tender coconut and water. When suitably mixed and used, these have miraculous effects. How to prepare Panchagavya? Cow dung - 7 kg Cow ghee - 1 kg Mix the above two ingredients thoroughly both in morning and evening hours and keep it for 3 days Cow Urine - 10 liters Water - 10 liters After 3 days mix cow urine and water and keep it for 15 days with regular mixing both in morning and evening hours. After 15 days mix the following and panchagavya will be ready after 30 days. Cow milk - 3 liters Cow curd - 2 liters Tender coconut water - 3 liters Jaggery - 3 kg Well ripened poovan banana – 12 nos. All the above items can be added to a wide mouthed mud pot, concrete tank or plastic can as per the above order. The container should be kept open under shade. The content is to be stirred twice a day both in morning and evening. The Panchagavya stock solution will be ready after 30 days. (Care should be taken not to mix buffalo products. The products of local breeds of cow is said to have potency than exotic breeds). It should be kept in the shade and covered with a wire mesh or plastic mosquito net to prevent houseflies from laying eggs and the formation of maggots in the solution. If sugarcane juice is not available add 500 g of jaggery dissolved in 3 liter of water. Recommended dosage Spray system: 3% solution was found to be most effective compared to the higher and lower concentrations investigated. Three litres of Panchagavya to every 100 litre of water is ideal for all crops. The power sprayers of 10 litre capacity may need 300 ml/tank. When sprayed with power sprayer, sediments are to be filtered and when sprayed with hand operated sprayers, the nozzle with higher pore size has to be used. Flow system : The solution of Panchagavya can be mixed with irrigation water at 50 litre per hectare either through drip irrigation or flow irrigation Seed/seedling treatment: 3% solution of Panchagavya can be used to soak the seeds or dip the seedlings before planting. Soaking for 20 minutes is sufficient. Rhizomes of Turmeric, Ginger and sets of Sugarcane can be soaked for 30 minutes before planting. Seed storage: 3% of Panchagavya solution can be used to dip the seeds before drying and storing them. Periodicity of spraying 1. Pre flowering phase Once in 15 days, two sprays depending upon duration of crops 2. Flowering and pod setting stage Once in 10 days, two sprays 3. Fruit / Pod maturation stage Once during pod maturation Time of application of Panchakavya for different crops Crops Time schedule Rice 10,15,30 and 50th days after transpalnting Sunflower 30,45 and 60 days after sowing Black gram Rainfed: 1st flowering and 15 deays after flowering Irrigated: 15, 25 and 40 days after sowing Green gram 15, 25, 30, 40 and 50 days after sowing Castor 30 and 45 days after sowing Groundnut 25 and 30th days after sowing Bhendi 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing Moringa Before flowering and during pod formation Tomato Nursery and 40 days after transplanting: seed treatment with 1 % for 12 hrs Onion 0, 45 and 60 days after transplanting Rose At the time of pruning and budding Jasmine Bud initiation and setting Vanilla Dipping setts before planting Source: TNAU Agritech Portal Related Resources Organic farmer Kalaivani from Vellitiruppur in Erode district of Tamilnadu explains how to prepare the organic liquid fertilizer 'Panchagavya'. Panchagavya is known to boost immunity and promote plant growth. Cow dung and cow urine are the key ingredients of the preparation. It is usually mixed with water and is used to irrigate the fields. It can also be used as a spray. In this video, along with Panchagavya, Kalaivani also explains how to prepare a couple of other concoctions using locally available leaves and herbs to keep pests and insects away.