Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has developed a revised Training Module for Programme Managers on National Programme for Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD). Objective of the module The module is to serve as a structured and practical resource, addressing key competencies related to programme planning, supervision, data management, communication, stakeholder coordination, and monitoring of field activities. It is designed to equip programme managers with the necessary tools and insights to strengthen managerial efficiency and facilitate the smooth and effective implementation of NP-NCD interventions at all healthcare levels. Summary of the training module Here is a comprehensive summary of the core modules included in the training module. Introduction and The Burden of NCDs The Problem: Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) account for 66% of all deaths in India. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) lead to the highest overall mortality (28%), followed by chronic respiratory diseases (12%), cancers (10%), and diabetes (4%). Economic Impact: NCDs cause a substantial out-of-pocket expenditure burden, with an estimated economic loss to India of $3.55 trillion between 2012 and 2030. NP-NCD Programme Evolution: Originally launched in 2010 as NPCDCS focusing on diabetes, CVDs, stroke, and stroke, it was renamed NP-NCD in 2023 to encompass a wider spectrum of diseases (COPD, asthma, chronic kidney disease, and fatty liver disease). Risk Factors, Screening, and Diagnostic Criteria - The guide breaks down the clinical and behavioral profiles for major NCDs: Diabetes: Classified into Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational. Diagnostic thresholds are set at a fasting blood sugar level of 126 mg/dl, blood sugar level of 200 mg/dl during GTT or HbA1c level of 6.5 % Hypertension: Known as the "silent killer," diagnosed when systolic blood pressure is ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure is ≥90 mmHg during two or more properly measured blood pressure readings in sitting position. Common Cancers: Focuses on the big three that can be detected early via Population-Based Screening (PBS) for individuals aged 30–65: Oral Cancer: Detected using Oral Visual Examination (OVE); primarily driven by tobacco and betel nut usage. Breast Cancer: Screened via Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) once every 5 years. Cervical Cancer: Screened via Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) once every 5 years. Stroke & STEMI (Heart Attacks): Focuses on rapid identification utilizing the BEFAST protocol (Balance, Eyes, Face, Arm, Speech, Time) for strokes, and 24/7 centralized command centers for interpreting emergency ECGs for STEMI cases. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Highlighted as a metabolic syndrome linked closely to obesity and diabetes; managed primarily through extensive lifestyle modification. COPD & Asthma: India bears a massive portion of the global chronic respiratory disease burden. Diagnosis utilizes spirometry (the gold standard) and peak flow meters. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): Persistent kidney damage or low GFR (GFR below < 60 ml/ min/1.742) for over 3 months. Health Promotion & Multisectoral Action Health Communication: Outlines strategies spanning mass media, mid-media (brochures, street theater), and interpersonal communication (counselling) to drive behavioral changes, promote self-care, and lower public risk factors. Key Initiatives: Spotlights specific campaigns like the Fit India Movement and Tobacco-Free Educational Institutions. National Multisectoral Action Plan (NMAP): Adopts a "Whole of Government" and "Whole of Society" blueprint to integrate NCD prevention across non-health sectors (agriculture, education, finance, urban planning, etc.) to ensure health is a component of all public policies. Population-Based Screening (PBS) Framework Targeting: Focuses on systematically screening the population aged 30 years and above (roughly 37% of the Indian population). Workflow: Frontier health workers (ASHAs/ANMs) utilize a Community Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) to identify high-risk individuals (score $\ge 4$). These individuals are then funneled to Ayushman Arogya Mandirs (AAMs) and higher health facilities for confirmed diagnostic workups and drug distribution to ensure a solid continuum of care. Success Metrics: Program performance is tracked using four vital indicators: Screening Coverage, Follow-up Screening (diagnostic completion), Treatment Rate, and Control Rate. Administrative & Operational Management - Provides managerial instructions for NCD Cell personnel regarding logistical execution Human resource recruitment, performance tracking, and mandatory capacity building. Supply chain management protocols for ensuring uninterrupted access to basic NCD medications and diagnostics. Financial management guidelines, formatting local Action Plans, reporting digital data into the National NCD Portal, and structuring monitoring/supervision models. Source : National Programme for Non-Communicable Diseases (NP-NCD) - Training Module for Program Managers