National Health Profile

National Health Profile (NHP) is an annual publication of the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI). The first release of the annual publication was in 2005. It covers all the major information on Demography, Socio-Economic Status, Disease Morbidity & Mortality, Healthcare Finance, Human Resources in Health and Healthcare Infrastructure. NHP is an initiative which is at par with international standards of data publications.

Objective and utility

The objective of NHP is to create a versatile data base of health information of India and making it available to all stakeholders in the healthcare sector. This data base of health information is comprehensive, up-to-date and easy to access. This publication takes into account recent trends in demography, disease profile (communicable and non communicable/lifestyle diseases) and available health resources which define a country's health status. The disease profile has been presented following standard coding from Family of International classification (FIC). This improves interoperability of the data internationally.

The purpose is to provide relevant information for planning and decision making on an informed basis to the planners, policy makers, health administrators, research workers and others engaged in raising the health and socio-economic status of the community. This publication is useful for medical post graduates and trainees of medical and paramedical personnel.

The main sources of health information are the central and state agencies. The indirect sources constitute Census, Civil Registration System and Sample Registration System. While the direct sources encompass the sample surveys and official statistics, which are generally based on built-in information collected for any official programmes.

National Health Profile 2022

Significant facts

• Total Fertility Rate (TFR) for the country is 2 in 2020. During 2020, Bihar has reported the highest TFR (3) while Delhi, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have reported the lowest TFR (1.4).
• Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of India has declined to 97 per 1,00,000 live births for 2018-2020 from 178 per 1,00,000 for 2010-2012.
• Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) for the country has come down to 28 in 2020 from 50 in 2009, a decline of 22 points over last 11 years. 

Population Statistics

• Expected population increase from 121.1 crores to 151.8 crores during the period 2011-2036 - an increase of 25 percent in twenty- five years at the rate of 1.0 percent annually.
• The sex ratio of the total population (females per 1000 males) is expected toincrease from 943 in 2011 to 952 during 2036, and the sex ratio at birth is expected to increase from 906 in 2011 (SRS) to 909 in 2031.
• The proportion of population in the working age-group 15-59 years is expected to rise from 60.7 percent in 2011 to 65.1 percent in 2036. The average age of Indians is expected to be of 34.7 years in 2036 as compared to 24.9 years in 2011.
• The Sample Registration System (SRS) abridged tables 2013-17; which gives the Life Expectancy of Life at Birth show it has increased from 49.7 years in 1970-75 to 69.0 years in 2013-17. IMR for the country has come down to 30 in 2019 from 50 in 2009, a decline of 20 points over last 10 years.
• The level of registration of births has increased to 92.7% in 2019 as against 87.8% in 2018.

Socio-economic status

• The gross enrolment ratio for both girls and boys in schools in India in primary grades in 2019-20 was 104.5 and 102.2, respectively. However, by the time students reach higher secondary grades, the enrolment ratio drops to 53.0 and 54.6, respectively.
• At the national level, the mean age at effective marriage of females remained almost constant at around 22 years from 2016 to 2019.
• Poverty levels are higher in rural India (26%) than urban (14%) as per Tendulkar Methodology, 2011-12
• In 2019-20, among the populous states, per capita Net State Domestic Product at current price with base year 2013-14 was above INR 150,000 in Haryana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, while it was below INR of 50,000 in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
• In 2019-20, Delhi and Sikkim have the highest per capita NDP when Bihar and Uttar Pradesh have the lowest. From 2013 to 2020, the NDP growth rate was highest in Tripura.

Communicable, HIV/AIDS and Non communicable diseases 

• In 2020, total patients notified for TB was 18,12,151. Out of the total microbiologically confirmed cases (8,43,149 in 2020) of TB, 76% of the patients were successfully treated.
• With state-wise fluctuations, India has made significant progress in tackling HIV epidemic, from a prevalence of 0.80% in 2003 to 0.24% by 2018-19.
•  In 2021, out of 5.91 crore people screened under National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS): 7.6% were diagnosed with hypertension, 5.93% with diabetes, 2.49% with Hypertension and Diabetes, 0.255% with CVDs, 0.11% with stroke and 0.19% with common cancers.

Health Finance

• Urban and rural health services constituted 70.11% of the public expenditure on medical and public health in 2018-19 the same has decreases to 69.54% in 2019-20.
• The per capita expenditure on CGHS during 2021-22 was Rs 10,835.
•  As of 31st March 2021, around 13.16 crores of beneficiaries were covered under ESIS. The per capita expenditure on medical benefit under ESIS is Rs. 716.82 for the year 2021.

Health infrastructure

• With regard to the number of registered doctors, among the states, Maharashtra (1,88,540 doctors) has the highest number of registered doctors followed by Tamil Nadu (1,48,216 doctors), Karnataka (1,31,906), and Andhra Pradesh (1,05,795).
• Medical education infrastructures have shown rapid growth over past few years with 648 medical colleges (396 Government, 252 Private), and 98013 MBBS seats till September, 2022.
• Currently there are 1962 Institutions for ANM with 59,085 seats for admission, and 9250 institutions with 3,50,679 Nursing seats in the country. 
• As on 31st March 2021, there are total of 1,57,819 Sub Centres (SCs) (156101 rural + 1718 urban), 30,579 Primary Health Centres (PHCs) (25140 rural + 5439 urban), 5,951 Community Health Centres (CHCs) (5,481 rural + 470 urban), 1224 Sub-divisional Hospitals, 764 District Hospitals, and 307 Medical Colleges present across the country. 

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Source : Central Bureau of Health Intelligence, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India